Analysis Of The Film The Feather - 990 Words

ening scene, contributes to the tone of the entire movie.From right the beginning of the film, the feather is already floating around in theair. This white feather is a symbolic object that counts as a sign. The whiteness of itseems to show the purity and innocence Forrest has, and his enthusiastic personality,where he is determined to do whatever it takes to fulfill his own, and his friends andfamiliesî€  dreams. It also seem to symbolize the famous quote that his mom always said,Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what youî€ re gonna get.î€Æ' With thefeather floating to random places, e.g. on top of cars, on peopleî€ s shoulders, on thefloor It shows how random life can be, and how no one ever knows what lies in theirpath of life, what obstacles they will have to overcome, and what their destiny is.A very interesting effect the feather is shot from in the opening scene is that it isa extreme long shot of different parts of the town, allow ing the audience to adapt thesetting of the film into their minds, whilst the feather is shot from multiple angles,sometimes close up, and sometimes using medium shots. With the words and the townbackground, the feather interestingly, is still the focal point of the whole shot, andunintentionally, your eyes follow wherever it is going even when the background ischanged drastically.When the feather is shot in the sky, it is from a low angle, which shows theimportance of it as a sign, so it feels as if the feather is superior to theShow MoreRelatedForrest Gump : Active Video Note Taking, Questions, And Analysis Paper1154 Words   |  5 PagesActive Video Note-taking, Questions, and Analysis Paper Directions: Now that we have practiced, implemented, and analyzed the first two standards in the Common Core Reading for Literature 9-10, students will attempt to apply these skills to another medium: a film. The class will watch Forrest Gump, and when finished, compose a detailed analysis based on both of the skills or standards that were instructed: Standard 9-1: Cite textual evidence to support analysis of what the text says. Standard 9-2:Read MoreMusic Analysis : The Feather Theme1608 Words   |  7 PagesMusic Analysis Term 3 Natasha Phipps Final Music can be extraordinarily influential in films, as it has the ability to evoke emotion not displayed by on-screen action. Music used in films can play many roles; it can depict time and place, mood, atmosphere, character, and can be used to underscore the onscreen drama and titles. Alan Silvestri and John Williams successfully manipulate the use of music in film to establish characters (along with their personality, actions and changing emotions), asRead MoreFeather Girls - Analysis and Interpretation1169 Words   |  5 PagesFeather girls - analysis and interpretation The short story feather girls by Claire Massey, from 2010 is a very imaginary and well written story, which leaves you behind with the sensation of unknowing. I believe the text has a very deep meaning to it, which I will try to find. In the short story we meet a man called Bill. We can see from the text, that Bill is old A collection of regulars cluttered the bar, all grey haired men similar age to him. Bill has a wife, who he does not see veryRead MoreAnalysis of Western Film Essay524 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Western Film introduction The two films we chose were dances with wolves starring Kevin costner it was made in 1990 and the searchers starring john Wayne it was made in 1950 they both show native Americans been represented in different ways. The searchers Native Americans are portrayed as being stupid for swapping a woman for a hat with a feather in it. In the movie we see a native American man giving a man a woman and taking a hat withRead MoreDefining Socially Conscious Film Making Essay1311 Words   |  6 Pagesof being labeled as rebel rousers? (Those with financial means can be exempted.) Do we choose not to rock the institutional boat for fear of biting the hand that may feed us? Are we exempt from the social responsibilities that our progressive films champion because the ends justify the means? The system is not working. And while it may be seemingly impossible to change, this does not absolve us of our responsibility to critically examine a system that, like many others in our global economyRead MoreThe Parasites Infecting The Common House Sparrow2922 Words   |  12 Pagesspecimens were collected from Khartoum State during April 2014 using a mist net. All samples were subjected to the physical examination and all presented with normal feather, head, beak, margin of eyelids, bottom of the feed, legs and wings. Seven specimens were screened for blood parasites using Giemsa stained thin peripheral blood films collected from the toenail after clipping it using a clean scissor. Apicomplexa malaria parasites Leucocytozoon were detected in blood of (NUMBER and % OF BIRDS PLEASE)Read MoreAnalysis Of Claude Levi Strauss s Black As Slacker Dewey Finn 1602 Words   |  7 Pageslanguage and sought to understand their underlying grammar. This he believed centered on pairs of opposite ideas, held by the culture, but creating tension within it — the raw and the cooked, the sacred and the profane, and so on. School of Rock, a 2003 film starring Jack Black as slacker Dewey Finn, shows the tension between a truly American pair of opposites: laziness vs. hard work. While in other mythologies it is a trickster character who mediates between these opposites, the nature of this AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Tomb Painting Queen Nefertari And Isis981 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of the tomb painting Queen Nefertari and Isis, by an unknown artist. Pigment painting on tomb walls. Queen and Goddess In this formal analysis, the subject is the wall painting Queen Nefertari and Isis, located in Nefertaris’ tomb. The painting shows the ancient Egyptian Goddess Isis â€Å"leading† the Queen by the hand. Nefertari lived around 1300-1255 BC and was the first and exclusively claimed wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Ramses II. When analyzing the artwork one can see the influence ofRead MoreFilm Analysis Of The Shawshank Redemption1696 Words   |  7 PagesShawshank Redemption is directed by Frank Darabot, published in 1995 Australia. The film focusses on the theme of forgiveness and escape. It follows an unusual friendship between Andy and Red set in a 1930’s American prison. The main focal scenes explored include: Brooks suicide and Tommy’s death. The film is to be narrated by Morgen Freeman (Red), it shows the 20 year period of Andy’s imprisonment. As a part of the analysis emphases on the scenes as it introduces the audience to the Shawshank prison andRead MoreForrest Gump Movie: An Analysis1719 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Forrest Gump Movie: An Analysis Forrest Gump (film 1994), is an American romantic comedy-drama film directed by Robert Zemeckis, narrated and starred by Tom Hanks. The story revolved around a slow-witted but exceptionally gifted person, Forrest Gump, who happened to have participated to the many significant events that occurred in the later period of the 20th century, from 1945 to 1982. The plot started in a bus stop where Forrest Gump shared his life story with strangers who sat beside him

The Importance Of Nutrition And Food Choice Essay

Introduction Food choice is important to our health. Eating healthy food, have good sleep, and exercise are keywords for our happy, healthy, and long life (Happy Healthy Long Life, 2010). If we live for 65 years or longer, we will have consumed more than 70.000 meals. We should attach importance to nutrition and food choice. However, I notice some undesirable lifestyle differences between the U.S. and Japan after I moved here. In general, we are getting busier than the old days, so we have less time to think about a meal. Really we can buy fast-foods everywhere we want, 24/7 open, and they are cheap, but most fast-foods contain higher calories, salt and fat than home-cooked meals (figure 1). On the other hand, preoccupation with weight, food, calories, fat grams, and dieting also has an important influence upon health. Anorexia nervosa is one of common psychiatric diagnoses in young women (Anorexia Nervosa). 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Nutrition labels are important because they can be the determining factors in a healthy longevity. The nutrition label is imperative because it helps you m ake healthier food choices, it emphasizes theRead MorePublic Health Nutrition ( Phn )1700 Words   |  7 PagesPublic health Nutrition (PHN) is the promotion and maintenance of nutrition related to health and well-being of populations via the organised efforts and informed choices of society (Hughes et al, 2012). Public health nutrition focuses on solving nutrition related problems, however focusing on developing interventions in the population; it also draws upon the principles of health promotion (Caraher and Coveney, 2004). Landman, Buttriss and Margetts (1998) outlines public health nutrition in focusingRead MoreChildren ´s Diet and Nutrition, An Anotated Bibliography Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesBauer, K. W., Berge, J. M., Larson, N., Neumark-Sztainer, D. (2011). Are Parents of Young Children Practicing Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity Behaviors? Pediatrics, 127(5), 881-887. doi: 10.1542/peds.1010-3218. The authors of this article present an investigation on the changes in health behaviors during parenthood. The study examines health behaviors, such as nutrition and physical activity, of both parents and young adults without children. Based on the findings, the authors concludedRead MoreThe Obesity Epidemic Of The United States Affects A Mass Portion Of All Children And Adolescents945 Words   |  4 Pageshelp those facing current problems with obesity. Instead, attention needs to be brought to the prevention of our country’s #1 leading health concern, which has yet to be compromised. This ignorance has led millions of children ill-educated on the importance of lifestyle and the simple concept that â€Å"we are what we eat†. The reality of this issue is not one many want to take responsibility for, but the significant impact education has on what children consume is greater than we may think. The lack ofRead MoreMy Experience At My Hospital Volunteer Work872 Words   |  4 Pagessetbacks with a steady routine of speech, motor skill and nutrition therapy. Without knowing it then, those difficult experiences were building my character and inspired my future. During my hospital volunteer work, I learned about the critical role diet plays in health, particularly for expectant mothers. Working with the Food Trust and Act in Faith nonprofits, I discovered how difficult it was for low income people to access nutritious food; and working with Aramark I developed a love and respectRead MoreNutritional Survival For Diabetics : The Center For Disease And Prevention1308 Words   |  6 Pageswhites. (Edelman, p.256). There are many issues health issues associated with diabetes. The purpose of this journal is to conduct research of the leading healthy indicator nutrition, physical activity and obesity targeting the importance of nutritional aspects for the prevention and maintenance of diabetes. The importance of health proportion; relating to Healthy People 2020 goals, and education of nutritional diabetic plans are important aspects relating to diabetes. Introduction about DiabetesRead MoreThe Importance Of Health1267 Words   |  6 PagesAfrican American college students in the Hattiesburg area are less knowledgeable of healthy proportions of foods and resources available to them that would help foster the awareness of eating healthier. Only 20% of 25 participants that were surveyed indicated that they had an exceptional understanding of basic nutrition fundamentals. Preference was the driving force of the target population’s food selection. The health belief model would be an excellent method of understanding how the college studentsRead MoreBasic Concepts Of Calorie Control851 Words   |  4 Pagesright, three key topics or concepts were clearly present. As talked about in class, if someone had thirty minutes to change a person’s life by educating them about health and nutrition, it would be most beneficial to cover the three topics of; Calorie control, How to read and understand a nutrition label, and lastly diet ary choices are the third most influential life-style habit for health. The single most important aspect of living a healthier lifestyle would be learning to control calories. If tryingRead MoreMaster Of Nutrition Science Program1540 Words   |  7 PagesMaster of Nutrition Science Program Program Faculty Kathy Prelack, Ph. D, Chair Professor in Nutrition Science Sai Das Professor in Nutrition Science Kelly Kane Professor in Nutrition Science Lynne M. Ausman Professor in Nutrition Science David Hastings Professor in Nutrition Science Sujata Dixit-Joshi Professor in Nutrition Science Marcy Goldsmith Professor in Nutrition Science Overview Nutrition program is a very important in the health in both social and health aspects of life. TheRead MoreThe Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Essay1285 Words   |  6 Pages Step 1 The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) has become an immense support for food insecurity, particularly in low-income families in our country. The SNAP program has been initiated to reduce hunger during economic crisis and has become crucial in helping its participants to meet their dietary needs (Blumenthal, 2012 pg.50). However, there is a main concern is that SNAP participants are also at risk for developing obesity and other chronic disease. The SNAP program finds

Malaysia’s Seven Types of Schools Free Essays

There are hundreds, if not thousand of schools in this world. In Malaysia, we have seven types of schools. They are Malay schools, Tamil schools, Chinese schools, international schools, private schools, and religious schools. We will write a custom essay sample on Malaysia’s Seven Types of Schools or any similar topic only for you Order Now There is only one type of Malay schools and they are the Malay government schools. Malay schools are the most common types of schools in Malaysia. You can find at least one Malay school in a town. Malay schools are divided into two. They are the Malay primary schools and the Malay secondary schools. Malaysians start their primary school education at the age of seven. They will then be in standard 1 and they will stay until they are in standard 6, which is until they are 12 years old. The following year they will go to form 1 in the secondary school and they will continue studying there until they finish form 5 so that they can go to either college or start work immediately or they can continue to form 6 so that they can go to university immediately thereafter. Every student has to sit for the UPSR examination when they are in standard 6, the PMR examination when they are in form 3, the SPM examination when they are in form 5, and the STPM examination when they are in form 6. All the lessons in the primary and secondary schools are, with the exception of the English lesson, are conducted in Malay. There is only one type of Tamil school in Malaysia and they are the government ones. Tamil schools are very much like the Malay schools with the exception that all lessons except English and Malay are in Tamil. Their syllabus is a lot like the syllabus of the Malay schools. The only difference is that they have to enter a Malay school when they go to form one. They normally spend a year in a special class after they finish the UPSR examination so that they can cope with the high standard of Malay in the Malay school they will be going to. Then they will they will continue studying at the school like any other student. Chinese schools are very much like Tamil schools. All their lessons except English and Malay are in Chinese. Their syllabus is a lot like the syllabus of the Malay schools. However, they can choose to continue their education in a Chinese secondary school after they finish their UPSR examination or they can choose to go to a special class after the examination and then continue their education in a Malay secondary school. There are two types of international schools, the private ones that follow the British syllabus, and the government ones that follow the Malaysian syllabus. The private international schools can be mainly found in Kuala Lumpur whereas the government ones can be found in almost every state capital. An example of a private international school is the Alice Smith International School in Kuala Lumpur and an example of government international schools is the Sri Utama International School. Private schools are run totally by the school board without any help from the government at all. If they have any problems, they have to overcome it themselves. They get no funding from the government so they have to get money by whatever means they can. That is why the school fees are very expensive. Their syllabus is basically like the normal syllabus of the government schools. Las,t but definitely not least, is the Islamic religious schools. Islamic students go there to learn about their religion and to learn how to speak and write Jawi. They normally study there for six years, but those who are really interested can go to a secondary school that teaches mainly Islam. There they will also learn all the other subjects that normal students do. We should be happy that we are lucky enough to have the opportunity to go to a school to have an education. There are hundreds if not thousands of children out there who do not have the opportunity to go to school. So my friends do not waste this opportunity. Use it while you can. How to cite Malaysia’s Seven Types of Schools, Papers

Online Accounting Software for Implementation of MYOB

Question: Discuss about theOnline Accounting Software for Implementation of MYOB. Answer: Introduction John and Jane are engaged in the electrical business since last 8 years. They are running the business in the name of John and Jane Electrical Company. The business is being conducted at the small level and hence the business managers are following the manual system of accounting. All the accounting related operations were performed manually by the management. The major accounting functions were ranging from the maintenance of track records of all the financial data relating to inventory, payrolls, accounts payables and receivables, taxation function etc. The management persons were writing the ledgers of accounting transactions on their own. As the manual system of accounting system is followed there involves a heavy paper work requiring ample of time and efforts to manage and retain all the important data records on paper. Further, it is difficult for the owners to deal with each and every business complexity as it demands requisite accounting knowledge and expertise. Moreover, the manual system of accounting of John and Janes electrical company is facing severe inefficiencies as a result of manual intervention causing high errors and mistakes in carrying out accounting operations. With the increased level of demand for electrical supplies and the decision of opening up few more stores at alternative location, the owners of the electrical company have realised the importance of automated accounting systems. As the business is conducted at a small level an appropriate accounting software is required to be selected. MYOB is one of the leading accounting and other business management solutions providing software meant for small to middle sized firms. The implementation of such software will enable the business managers to focus on their core business functions as the non-core functions like accounting and related activities will conveniently be handled by using the features of MYOB in real time. The concentration on demand and sales management will contribute to higher revenue generation of the electrical company. Moreover, the implementation of such software will also prevent the inefficiencies of the accounting system as the chances of errors on part of humans w ill be minimised. The documentation requirement of the critical accounting and financial data of company will also be reduced as the data will be kept saved and backed up on online platform. Economic transactions at small business levels Purchase and Sales transactions For businesses at every level whether small, medium or large, purchases and sales are the most basic functions. To run any business the entrepreneurs requires the requisition of raw materials and the other necessary assets for the business. Hence, purchase transactions occurs most commonly in every business organisation. Further, business exists to deliver some outputs in the market. Therefore sales forms the necessary part of it. The purchase and the sales transaction are those economic transaction in every business which occurs regularly. These transactions are thus required to be properly accounted for (Halabi, Barrett Dyt, 2010). Payroll function transactions: Human resources plays the vital role in the business success. The wages and salaries paid to each and every personnel involved in the business and hence payroll transactions are also commonly identified economic transactions. Tax payment transactions Even the small businesses exists to earn some profits and hence it has to pay off a certain portion of its earnings to the tax regulators of the economy. Tax related transactions occurs when taxes are paid to the fiscal bodies. Tax accounting is done to determine the amount of taxes to be paid to the government. Revenue Expenses transactions: In order to operate a business the owners have to spend certain amounts of money to meet out its daily requirements like payment of utilities rent payments and it also earns incomes from various sources hence transactions relating to payments of expenses and receipt of certain incomes can occur frequently in any small business. Investment relating transactions: Even small businesses saves a certain portion of their earnings from the operations and hence invests their saving in some income generating sources and therefore investments can be also be the part of economic transactions. Banking transactions: A business at small level needs to raise funds from banks and other finance providers therefore loan transactions are common part of small business economic transactions. Benefits of using an online accounting software tool Speedy accounting processes: As online accounting programs are based on automated functioning, the accounting operations are handled with speed using online software. As machines works more quickly than the manual systems the processing of accounting data occurs in the minimum possible time (Sam, 2012). Safety and Security: The information any business plays vital role in its success. As book keeping function in any organisation is the basic aspect of business management. Accounting software provides the safety and back up features to safeguard the critical information of the business. The information kept on online mode can be prevented from the risk of data damage (Pulakanam Suraweera, 2010). Efficiency: The accounting operation requires significant portion owners time and efforts, accounting software helps the business in managing the accounting functions with more accuracy and proper management of accounting data. As data processed electronically is less subjected to the arithmetic or logical errors (Salehi, Rostami Mogadam, 2010). Cost: In small businesses it is difficult for the managers to hire an expert person to handle its accounting operations for every year as they have low budgets, investing in the accounting software helps the firm to receive its benefits for a long time with one time investment. Accounting software are designed and developed in such ways that the owners of the business would not need to hire an expert to handle its accounting functions (Everaert, Sarens Rommel, 2010). Easy user interface: Online accounting software are developed and designed for the people who do not possess requisite knowledge about the accounting functions. These software possess the basic accounting features that are vital for every small or medium business and are easy to understand and use with proper technical support. Problems faced by Jane and John in manual accounting system Inadequate accounting knowledge: It may not be possible for the owners of electrical company to possess all the requisite skills and knowledge to handle accounting operations and to keep themselves updated with all the accounting related regulatory changes. Also, the managers might be finding it difficult to manage all the business operations simultaneously. Human errors: while working with manual system it is not possible for the owners of the business to avoid each and every error on arithmetic or logical grounds as they lack expertise in accounting functions. Owners are not the machines which can provide the accuracy in every function it perform. Heavy Paper Work: In manual accounting the accounts are majorly handled on the papers and hence require proper documentation of all the paper. Also, the hard copy of records is vulnerable to risk of loss due to various disasters. Time consuming: Accounting involves series of operations to be carried out to record a data for the purpose of financial reporting. There are large number of sales transactions that takes place in the business of John and Jane therefore it takes enormous amount of time to record all the transactions. Cumbersome accounting processes: The accounting processes can be complex enough at times and hence difficult to be handled by single or two persons. Use of MYOB features in John and Janes business Invoicing feature: MYOB is designed for the small and medium sized businesses and provides the key feature of invoicing of bills to the customers to whom the sales are made by the firm. As MYOB provides the feature which automatically generates the sales invoices to the customers as soon as sales data is entered in the software program it will help the electrical company to manage its sales functions properly (Curtis, 2015). Payroll management: The payroll feature will help the John and Janes business in managing the staff members of the organisation so that they can be paid off for their services on time. This feature will keep the relevant record of all the employees of business (Sutherland, 2011). Bank feeds: This feature will enable the owners of the business to stay updated with all the bank related transactions that occurs on daily basis such as the receipts and withdrawals that are made directly to the bank account of the business (Curtis, 2012). Limitations and risks involved in MYOB implementations Data Security Risks: Information kept on online platform is more prone to cyber-crimes like hacking and data leakage. The data that is processed by the accounting software may be quite sensitive for the business thus will make the business suffer severe repercussions if it is leaked out. The information loss can affect the companys performance adversely and it may also lead the company face serious governmental actions (Gourdie, 2011) (Wongsim Gao, 2010). Unfriendly for new users: The employees working with old system may find it difficult to cope up with new online accounting software. To work on it one must require proper knowledge about software functionalities. Enough of training needs to be given to the concerned workforce in the company and training the personnel may cost high to the company (Urqua, 2011). Conclusion: From the research about the importance of MYOB in the small businesses, it can be well concluded that the implementation of online accounting software can allow the business to reach at the next level if properly used by enabling the owners to focus on the core business activities. Whereas, the use of manual system of accounting will lead the business to face several inefficiencies in the accounting functions due to the involvement of human error element. Hence, the owners of electrical company must go for the option of using the accounting software for their business. References Curtis, V., 2012.Making the Most of MYOB AccountRight. Woodslane Press. Curtis, V., 2015.MYOB Software for Dummies-Australia. John Wiley Sons. Everaert, P., Sarens, G. and Rommel, J., 2010. Using Transaction Cost Economics to explain outsourcing of accounting.Small Business Economics,35(1), pp.93-112. Gourdie, J., 2011. MYOB as an Accounting Information System: Is it time for a 501 curriculum refocus? Halabi, A.K., Barrett, R. and Dyt, R., 2010. Understanding financial information used to assess small firm performance: An Australian qualitative study.Qualitative Research in Accounting Management,7(2), pp.163-179. Pulakanam, V. and Suraweera, T., 2010. Implementing accounting software in small business in New Zealand: an exploratory investigation.Accountancy Business and the Public Interest,9(64), pp.98-124. Salehi, M., Rostami, V. and Mogadam, A., 2010. Usefulness of accounting information system in emerging economy: Empirical evidence of Iran.International Journal of Economics and Finance,2(2), p.186. Sam, M., Fazli, M., Hoshino, Y. and Tahir, M.N.H., 2012. The adoption of computerized accounting system in small medium enterprises in Melaka, Malaysia. Sutherland, E., 2011.Computer Accounting: A Systematic Approach: Using MYOB Business Management Software: Version 19. Pearson Australia. Syafrudin, V., 2012. An empirical study of Accounting software Acceptance among Bengkulu City students.Asian journal of Accounting and governance,3, pp.99-112. Urqua Grande, E., Prez Estbanez, R. and Muoz Colomina, C., 2011. The impact of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) on performance measures: empirical evidence in Spanish SMEs. Wongsim, M. and Gao, J., 2010, August. Data quality issues in accounting information systems adoption-theory building. InNetworked Computing and Advanced Information Management (NCM), 2010 Sixth International Conference on(pp. 224-230). IEEE.

Revenge for Emily free essay sample

An analysis of the reasons for murder in William Faulkners A Rose for Emily. This paper argues that William Faulkners A Rose for Emily can be interpreted by either looking at Emilys genetic history and family life, or by looking at the society that she lives in. Interpreting according to the above two styles or by combining both styles of reading, the argument is made that Emily is a victim, and that she kills out of revenge. This paper uses and cites two outside critical sources. Watching the evening news and reading the morning newspaper, one is bombarded by tragic, sometimes mysteriously twisted and brutal tales of homicide. More often than not such tales are accompanied by a biography of the murderer themselves which is equally, if not more, tragic and twisted. In many cases, the murderers are actually painted as the first victim in a crime committed as an inevitable consequence of their victimization. We will write a custom essay sample on Revenge for Emily or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In William Faulkners A Rose for Emily Emily Grierson and her murder of Homer Barron exemplifies the tragedy of one such situation. Is Emily a victim of her own psyche, and its contributing factors? Or is Emily merely a victim of an unstable, judgmental society who pushed her over the edge? Depending on how one reads this story an argument can be made for either interpretation.

Racism in the Penitentiary

Racism in the Penitentiary Introduction Racism in America has been a topic of discussion for a long time in the view of the fact that the country hosts people of different races. It occurs every where; in hospitals, learning institutions, prisons, and in social institutions, to name just a few. In the same country, there are a lot of people who have been put in prison as studies of Quigley( par. 3) explain that around 2.4 million American citizens have been imprisoned excluding the number which is held under probation and parole, who are over five million. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racism in the Penitentiary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most surprisingly, further studies indicate that despite the fact that racial minorities like the blacks and Latinos are less than a quarter of the total population, they comprise around sixty percent of the total prisoners. Therefore, it is clear that racism and racial inequality has not be en eradicated but has taken a different form. According to Quigley (par 4.), racial disparity in the juvenile justice system is also paramount. It is quite explicit that racism in American prisons is a real phenomenon. With that background in mind, this paper shall discuss more about the same problem and narrow down to root causes, history and explore the reason why it takes place as well as its impacts and consequences. Factors Contributing to Racism in Prison There are many factors that contribute to racism in prison and in most cases; the same contribute to racism in the free society. For instance, superiority complex contributes to racism not only in prison and other penitentiary institutions, but also in the free society (Bhavnani, Mirza and Meetoo pp. 42). The feeling of whites as the most superior race has persisted for a long time and the same is also present in prison facilities. Since racism is also a problem of the prison officials, whites are treated better than the ot her racial minorities especially if the official happens to be a white. The nature of prison life is also a causative factor to the racism in such institutions. There are many gang activities in prison formed by the prisoners and more often than not, each gang contains members of a similar race. Given that gangs are involved in violence, prisoners are forced to join a particular gang of their race in order to be protected from the criminal activities of the other gangs. Therefore, it is clear that the existence of various gangs in prison is an important factor attributing to racism. It is amazing but also true that some racists groups in the free society contribute greatly to the racism in prisons. Such groups incite criminals of their race by influencing them to establish racism groups in prison. A t times, they send some information and literature to them either in books or tapes to help them spread racism ideologies among the prisoners. Prisoners hailing from the racism groups ar e treated as heroes and often do appear in publications that spread racism ideologies (Quigley par 4).Advertising Looking for research paper on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Root Cause of Prison Racism in America Laws in the American constitution have contributed greatly to racism in American institutions, prison facilities included. For example, the 13th Amendment of the American constitution created a loophole which helped to influence racism in prisons as it stated, â€Å"Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, expect as a punishment for crime†¦. Shall exist within United States† (Truax par. 4). Although several states continued to revise such laws, new laws which were formed continued to contribute to racism in prison. Immediately after the abolishment of slave trade, slaves continued to be imprisoned after committing crimes such as refusing to work, insulting the workers and even handling money carelessly. Slavery codes were changed to black codes and since they allowed blacks to be imprisoned after committing petty offences, the same can be viewed as the root cause of racism in prison. Having discussed the causes of racism in prison it is important to explorer on its history which also helps explain the root cause. History of Racism in United States Prison racism in United States has been in existence for a long a time; since the era of slave trade although blacks were rarely imprisoned as they were more valuable while working in the plantations. However, there were local jails and other facilities which used to control and limit the freedom of the blacks. The number of the blacks in prison increased following the end of the civil war and after the abolishment of slave trade. Studies of Acoli (par. 5) indicate that once blacks were arrested even for the very minor and petty crimes, they were sentenced more harshly, compared to their white counter parts. Further studies indicate that immediately after the civil war, the percentage of the black citizens increased to thirty three percent. The trend continued during the cold war era. Racism was not only being exercised by the prisoners but also by the prison guards bent on the fact that most of the guards were whites. Black prisoners were not only mistreated, but they were also deprived some of the important social amenities that are necessary even to a prisoner. Prison life in America was a reflection of the life in the free society. During the civil rights era, life in prison was segregated and the same condition was present in the society. White prisoners and the prisoners from other races were treated differently. While the whites were allowed to be clerks, electrician and other good jobs, black prisoners were given the lowest jobs like garbage disposal, working in the farms and washing clothes. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Racism in t he Penitentiary specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Moreover, blacks were segregated in all other places in the prison life. For example, they were supposed to live in their known separate cells and the same segregation existed even recreation facilities such that black prisoner used to stay at the back while the white prisoners occupied the from seats. Nevertheless, civil rights movements which were upcoming during the same era influenced the prisoners to contest gains racial discrimination which was taking place. Consequently, there was lot of violence in prison because the white prisoners and administrators were resisting any change. On the other hand, black prisoners were not ready to take anything less than equal rights and abolishment of discrimination (Acoli par. 8). Although there was some improvement, prison racism was not abolished completely since the same problem is still present even in the twenty first century. The Nature and the Effects of Prison Racism United States has the highest number of people in prison at any given time than any other country in the world. The most amazing issue is the fact that majority are racial minorities. The problem is evident in the whole process of criminal justice system starting from the arrest up to the sentencing and provision of various services like probation and parole. Of all other Americans who have been sentenced death, forty two percent are African Americans. Similarly, African Americans women are imprisoned in higher rates than the white women, actually four times more. In addition, African Americans receive harsher jail terms compared to their white counterparts Fisher (par. 5) Collins (pp. 42). The problem of prison racism in America starts even before any arrest has been made. For example people, of color are targeted by the police more than the whites. In the transport sector, blacks and other racial minorities are more likely to be stopped and searched by the police more than the whites. Apart from being the target, people of color are also arrested at higher rates than the whites even though they commit the same offences. During trial, studies which have been conducted indicate that the natives are more likely to be sentenced to prison. For instance, in a place like Montana, studies of Political Research Associates (pp. 2) indicate that American Indians account for around 16% of the total prisoners even if they are only 6% of the total population in the region. Similarly, the same case also applies to blacks, Hispanics and other racial minorities in the region. Advertising Looking for research paper on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some of the drugs laws present in the criminal justice system are also an indicator of how racism is propagated. For example, while focusing on drug laws, a person is jailed for eight to ten years if found in possession of crack cocaine of fifty grams and for twenty one to twenty seven months while found in possession of powder cocaine. The main point of interest is based on the fact that powder cocaine is mostly used by the whites while the crack is used by the Latinos and the black population due to difference in cost. Therefore, the blacks and the Latinos end up suffering more than the whites although the two types of cocaine are the same (Truax par. 2). Effects of Racism in Prison The impact of racism in prison cannot be underestimated at any given time. There are many consequences but the financial cost stands out. As highlighted in the introductory part, racism leads to violence especially caused by prison racist gangs. Consequently, the prison healthcare system incurs a lot of expenses while treating the inmates injured during the violence. Any form of violence leads to great loss not only on property but also on people’s lives. Prison is supposed to be a rehabilitative center where behavior of people is reformed. Racism thus interferes with the function of the institution for it is possible for people to leave it even worse than they were before. Moreover, once released, prisoners find it hard to relate with the members of the society due to the effects of racism and the same affects their productivity. Conclusion Racism in prison is as real as it is in the free society. It is characterized by segregation, discrimination and violence, to name just a few. In addition, racial minorities are disproportionably represented in most local, state and federal jails (Cole and Smith pp. 91). While there may be many causes of the same, white superiority contributes greatly to prison racism. However, the root cause of the problem can be traced back in the nineteenth century after the abolishment of slave trade. Therefore, the problem has existed for over a hundred years and recent statistics indicate that it is still paramount. In the view of the fact that there are many negative impacts related to prison racism , the concerned parties and stakeholders in the criminal justice system ought to find the root cause of the problem to be able to come up with lasting solutions. Acoli, Sundiata. A Brief History of the New Afrikan Prison Struggle. 1992. Web. Bhavnani, Reena, Heidi Safia Mirza and Veena Meetoo. Tackling the roots of racism: lessons for success. Bristol: The Policy Press, 2005. Print. Cole, George F. and Christopher E. Smith. The American System of Criminal Justice. Stamford: Cengage Learning, 2006. Print. Collins, Catherine Fisher. The imprisonment of African American women: causes, conditions, and future implications. Jefferson: McFarland, 1997. Print. Fisher, William. U.S. Overflowing Prisons Spur Call for Reform Commissio n. 2010. Web. Political Research Associates. How is the Criminal Justice System Racist? 2005. Web. Quigley, Bill. Rampant Racism in the Criminal Justice System. 2010. Web. Truax, Jenny. The U.S. System of Punishment: an expanding balloon of wealth, racism and greed. 2010. Web.

The Changing Global Econ FIANL Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

The Changing Global Econ FIANL - Essay Example The main features of globalization include liberalization, specialization of trade and exchange, increased connectivity, multi-dimensionality and top-down process. Liberalization Globalization is characterized by liberalization; liberalization is the freedom granted to businesspeople and industrialist to establish industries and carry out trading activities within the boundaries of their own countries or abroad. Liberalization involves free exchange of capital, goods, services, and technological advancements between countries and regions. Globalization guarantees increased trans-boundary cultural exchanges resulting from free flow of immigration, more differentiated products, tourism, and economic integration. Specialization of trade and exchange Specialization is the basic way through which trade works to improve people’s lives. International trade takes place because one country can produce what another country cannot produce. Prior to globalization, cross-border business wa s limited because most of the national economies were self-contained entities separated from one another by barriers to international trade and investments. Globalization has enhanced cross border business opportunities and enabled firms to sell what they can produce and buy those commodities they do not have the capacity to produce. Regional and international organizations have been formed to oversee the seamless trade among countries across the world. Member countries have to follow the guidelines provided. Trade and exchange has allowed countries, multinational companies, small companies, large scale and small scale producers to gain economically and small Increased Connectivity Globalization makes it possible for various localities to be connected with the rest of the world through removal of barriers to connectivity. This is achieved through the role of globalization of breaking national boundaries and enhancing the links between one community and another. Globalization creates proper links between countries through international transmission of information, literature, culture, technology, and knowledge. The space age device, the internet, has enhanced communication and knowledge exchange among people from different locations in the world instantly. It has also permitted people to understand the various cultures in the world, making it easy to interact and do business together. Multi-dimensional Process A multi-dimensionality approach to globalization implies that the concept can be looked at from three dimensions: economical, political, cultural, and ideological. Globalization in economic terms means opening up of global markets by enhancing free trade and commerce among countries of the world. Politically, globalization means decentralization of power and functions of state, which grants more rights and freedoms to people through empowerment of the private sector. In cultural terms, globalization refers to the exchange of cultural values among various societies and nations of the world. Ideologically, globalization is the spread of liberalism and capitalism. Top-down Process Globalization origintates from the industrialized world and Multinational Corporations, and spans to less industrialized countries. Technologies, capital, goods, and services are manufactured in industrialized countries and sold to the developing world. It is the responsibility

Jack London Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Jack London - Research Paper Example We should study literature because of the understanding it can provide regarding the ways and means people communicate and to identify those aspects of culture and life that are important. At the same time that literature works to expose the inner workings of the human soul, it inadvertently reveals the deeper elements of its author’s understandings. Such is the case with the author Jack London, who lived a life quite similar to that portrayed within his main characters. Although some of his best known works are White Fang and Call of the Wild, each of which convey some of what he learned while exploring the Alaskan frontier, London wrote other stories that reveal a great deal more about his inner character. By investigating what is known of Jack London’s biography, one can begin to trace the deep sense of disconnection London felt in his life and his attempts to use his writing as a means of making the connections he felt were lacking. Regardless of where in the west one laid his head, the late 1800s and early 1900s were a time of incredible change as the country awoke to find itself a great nation. As the resources of the country were being realized, individual men took advantage of the opportunities that presented themselves in order to bring about greater futures for themselves. These transformations, of both the country and the individual, were brought about by other changes as well, such as the growing technology that enabled steam engines to haul freight on rails from the country’s vast interior to the more inhabited exterior regions and the ability to reliably send post from one end of the country to the other. The large-scale transformations that took place as the result of greater technology and new ways of doing business were among the driving forces for bringing about transformations of the individual character of

Making The Classroom Work for You Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Making The Classroom Work for You - Essay Example 10- How can you become more of an active participant in class? Of the the seven tips outlined in the section on class participation,which do you feel you can learn from the most? Explain. In what ways would you like to improve your class participation? The seven tips are come to class prepared, ask questions, volunteer, take an active role in group activities, active listener, resist temptation to tune out or daydream and focus on class. Of the seven tips, I believe I learn from taking an active role in group activities because it is more fun and engaging not to mention that it removes boredom and surely one cannot tune out when active. There is a difference in the expectations between college and high school in terms of learning process. In college, free exchange of ideas is more common and students are encouraged to think independently or to be critical. It is also expected among college students that they would know how to find information for class or reports through research. In high school, students are more dependent to teachers for information. There are also less reports compared to college and the academic requirements are less rigorous. 14-What did you discover about your learning style preferences? How will you strengthen your less preferred learning style? How can you use your preferred learning styles to make the most out of college? I discovered that I learn more when I am engaged in an activity. Long lectures bores me and reading abstract ideas are often hard to relate. Unlike in activities where I can experience the application of the lesson which I can often learn well and remember. In classroom expectations, we are merely graded and are expected to pass. If we fail, we may retake the test or class and there are usually make up class or we can repeat the subject. There is also no life altering consequences in the classroom. In actual job expectations, a professional is expected to do the job

Human Rights In Saudi Arabia

Human Rights In Saudi Arabia Human rights refer to the legal, social or ethical principles of entitlement or liberties to which all humans are entitled (James, 2009). Proponents of this concept assert that each person is endowed with certain entitlements by reason of being human. These entitlements can be justified as moral norms, natural rights or even as legal rights, either at a national level or within international law. However, this concept has been the subject of intense debate and criticism as there is no consensus as to what should or should not be regarded as a human right. The modern conception of human rights, universalism, developed in the aftermath of World War II and its globalization was awakened by the crimes committed by Hitlers government (the Holocaust), which increased pressure on the need for a global system of accountability and stability. This resulted in the adoption of this concept by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), a declaration adopted on 10 December 1948 by the United Nations General Assembly. This forum aimed at paving the way for universalism by resolving the cultural differences between member nations, an approach which some argue, has led to the needs of certain cultures being compromised. The concept of universalism was further boosted by the adoption of the International Criminal Court in June 1998, with its core aim being the enforcement and promotion of the values agreed upon by the member states of the United Nations. Over the course of the 20th century, many movements and groups have achieved intense social changes in the name of human rights. In North America and Western Europe, labor unions brought about laws which granted workers to strike and established minimum work conditions. The womens rights movement succeeded in gaining voting rights for women while the National liberation movements succeeded in driving out colonial powers in many countries. The United Nations, together with its member states, have developed much of the discussion and bodies of law that currently make up international human rights law and international humanitarian law. In reality, the concept of Universalism is basically based on Western philosophies and the values they place on the individual. This approach can be seen as a product of Christianity as well as the Greek philosophy and contends that one can use reason or nature to identify basic rights inherent to every human. This concept was challenged by a delegation led by China, Iran and Syria at the 1993 United Nations Conference on Human Rights which was held in Vienna. They argued that the current definition of human rights was not universal, but was based on Western morality and should therefore not be imposed as norms in non-western societies. They further argued that this concept disregarded the non-western societies historical and economic development and their cultural perceptions of what is wrong and right. Cultural relativism, by contrast, is based on the thought that there are no objective standards by which others can be judged. It was introduced by the sophist Protagoras, among others who empirically established that there exist many different cultures in the world and each are equally worthy. For example, female genital mutilation is not mandated by any religion, but has become a tradition in many different cultures in Africa, South America and Asia. On the other hand, it is considered by the international community as a violation of girls and womens rights, which has resulted in the outlaw of the culture in some countries. However, International Law has only recently begun to tackle the issue of cultural relativism by paying more attention to certain themes (Bozeman, 1971). In Saudi Arabia, human rights are intended to be based on Sharia, a set of Islamic religious laws under the rule of the House of Saud, the royal family of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (US Department of State, 2004). The government of Saudi Arabia has often been criticized for its treatment of political and religious minorities, homosexuality and women. The Human rights of this country are specified in article 26 of the Basic System of Governance of Saudi Arabia, a constitution- like charter which is in accordance with Sharia. The National Society for Human Rights was the first independent human rights organization in Saudi Arabia, and was established in 2004. In 2008, the Consultative Assembly of Saudi Arabia, also known as the Shura Council, ratified the Arab Charter on Human Rights, a charter which affirms the principles contained in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UN Charter and the Cairo Declaration of Human Rights in Islam. It provides for a number of traditional h uman rights, such as the right to liberty, protection of persons from torture, freedom to practice religious observance, among others. Saudi Arabia is one of the few countries in the world with judicial corporal punishment, the formal application of caning, whipping, birching and strapping as an official sentence by order of a court. In Saudi Arabia, judicial corporate punishment is carried out under Sharia, and includes whipping for lesser crimes such as drunkenness and sexual deviance and the amputations of hands and feet for more serious crimes such as robbery. This country also engages in capital punishment, which includes public executions by beheading. This is in accordance to strict interpretation of Islamic law as a punishment for rapists, murderers, and armed robbers. There were 191 executions in 2005, 38 in 2006, while in 2007; there were 153 executions (International, 2009). The government of Saudi Arabia has been criticized for lack of protection and violation of several human rights such as the freedom of religion. In this country, the practice of non-Muslim religions is aggressively prohibited. With the government declaration of the Holy Quran and the Sunna (tradition) of the Prophet Muhammad as the countrys constitution, Saudi Arabian law does not recognize religious freedom. Saudi Arabia, being an Islamic State, offers preferential treatment for Muslims and prohibits the burial of Non-Muslims on Saudi soil. During Ramadan, the month of fasting, eating, drinking or smoking during daylight hours in public is not allowed, even for Non-Muslims (Abdul, 2008). Foreign schools operating in Saudi Arabia are required to teach a yearly introductory segment on Islam and missionary work by any religions other than Salafi/Wahabi Islam is forbidden. Anti-Semitism, prejudice towards Jews as a result of hatred of their culture, religion and/or ethnic background, is very widespread in Saudi Arabia. In 2007, it was reported that a state website prohibited Jewish people and Israeli passport holders from entering the kingdom. The Saudi administration removed the offensive language, claiming that it was a mistake (CNN, 2004). A study of Saudi Arabias revised schoolbook curriculum in May 2006 discovered that the eighth grade book included text that discriminated against Christian infidels of the communion of Jesus. In Saudi Arabia, LGBT rights, initials referring to the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, are not recognized. In accordance with Islamic morality, cross-dressing and homosexuality are seen as decadent acts and are treated as solemn crimes. These acts, as well as the involvement with any activity that hints at the existence of an organized gay community, are punishable by imprisonment, lashing, deportation for foreigners and sometimes execution. According to the law, all Saudi citizens infected with HIV or AIDS are entitled to protection of their privacy, free medical care and equal employment and educational opportunities. However, most Saudi hospitals will not treat infected patients and many hospitals and educational institutions are reluctant to share out government information about the disease. This is because of the stigma and strong taboos associated with how the virus can be spread (Yamani, 2005). However, the situation has started to change, with the government recognizing World AIDS Day, and permitting information about the disease to be published in local newspapers and journals. Any foreigner found to be HIV positive (or with any other serious medical condition), is deported back to their country. Political freedoms in Saudi Arabia are also curtailed, with the Saudi government restricting the freedom of speech and the press to forbid criticism of the government. Political organizations and trade unions are banned, public demonstrations are outlawed and Internet reception within Saudi Arabias borders is actively censored by the government. The arrest of Fouad al-Farhan, a prominent Saudi blogger and reformist in December 2007, was seen as a crackdown by the Saudi government on online dissent. He was jailed in solitary confinement, without charges, after criticizing several prominent Saudi business, media and religious figures (Murphy, 2008). Fouad was released on 26 April, 2008. In Saudi society, gender roles come from Sharia, Islamic law, as well as the tribal culture. All women, regardless of social status or age, are required to have a male guardian. Saudi women do not have voting rights, and cannot be elected to high political positions (Sasson, 2001). However, there is substantial evidence that Saudi women do not want radical change. Advocates of reform in this country reject the Western critics of Saudi Arabia for failing to understand the Islamic uniqueness of the Saudi society (Zoeph, 2010). Advocates argue that Saudi women do have rights, though these rights are dependent on their obligations in life. Majority of the Saudis do not view Islam as the main obstruction to womens rights and dismiss perceptions of Islam as being patriarchal as a Western typecast. To prove that Islam allows strong women, Saudis often invoke the life of Prophet Muhammad. Khadijah, the Prophets first wife, was a powerful businesswoman who employed him and is the one who initiated the marriage proposal. Aisha, another one of his wives, commanded an entire army at the Battle of Camel, a battle that took place in Iraq, at Basra in 656, and for this, she is the source of many hadiths (Betsy, 2010). Saudi women face discrimination in many aspects of their lives, such as the civil, common and religious systems. Despite the fact that they make up over 70% of those enrolled in public universities, due to social reasons, Saudi women only make up 5% of the national workforce. The efforts by the government to support expanded employment opportunities for women in this country met fierce resistance from the religious police, the labor ministry as well as the male citizenry (Canlas, 2006). In most parts of this country, it is believed that the role of the woman is to care for her husband and family. There is widespread segregation in Saudi homes, with some rooms having separate entrances for the men and women. Driving had been banned for women, until 1990, when it was introduced as official legislation after 47 women drove cars through Riyadh, the Saudi capital. Though illegal, women in areas outside the cities and in the rural areas of Saudi Arabia do drive cars (Y, 2009). Saudi women are permitted to fly aircraft, though they are required to be chauffeured to the airport (Bascio, 2007). Many Saudis believe that allowing Saudi women the right to drive could lead to an erosion of traditional values and Western-style openness. Before a Royal Decree in 2008, women were not permitted to enter furnished apartments or hotels without a mahram or chaperon. With the decree, the only requirements they needed were their national ID cards, and the hotel must inform the nearest police station of their length of stay as well as the room reservation (Canlas J. , 2008). The current government, under King Abdullah, is considered reformist. This government has appointed the first female cabinet member, opened the nations first co-educational university and is also credited for passing legislations against domestic violence. However, critics say that the reform is very slow and is more symbolic than substantive. Conservatives see the Saudi society as the center of Islam and hence the deed for unique conservative values. They seek to preserve the cultures traditional gender roles, while on the other hand; radical activists compare the condition of the Saudi Arabian Women to slavery (S, 2010). A government poll conducted in 2006 found out that over 80% of Saudi Arabian women do not think that women should work or drive with men. A subsequent poll found that most Saudi women are not of the opinion that women should be allowed to hold political office. Saudi women are in high support of their traditional gender roles and are of the opinion that reforms wou ld be opposed to Islamic values. They argue that they already have a high level of independence and that reforms would bring about unwanted Western cultural influences (Saleh Ambah, 2010). In Saudi Arabia, all women are required to have a male guardian, who can be a father or husband. This guardian has rights and duties to his woman in various aspects of civic life. Saudi women must first seek their guardians permission for various matters such as marriage and divorce, education, travel (if below 45 years), employment as well as opening a bank account. Guardians requirements are not written law, but are applied according to the societys customs, as well as the understanding of particular institutions such as hospitals and banks. Official transactions initiated by women are often abandoned and officers often demand the presence of a guardian in order to prove authorization. In a recent interview, Saudi women defended male guardians as providing love and protection (Zoeph, 2010). In 2008, some Saudi women launched a petition defending guardians, which gathered over 500 signatures. The petition also requested the punishment for those activists equality and mingling between Saudi men and women. Liberal activists on the other hand reject guardianship and see it as demeaning to women. They object to the treatment of women as subordinates or children (Wagner, 2010). They cite cases of women whose careers were ended by their guardians, or who lost custody rights over their children. In a case in 2009, a father prohibited several of his daughters attempts to marry outside their clan, and sent her to a mental institution as a form of punishment (Jahwar, 2009). Activists agree that most Saudi men are caring, but see this kindness as a result of pity, from lack of respect for their women, and they compare male guardianship to slavery, with ownership of a woman being passed on from one man to another. The ludicrousness of the guardianship system is shown by what would happen to a woman if she tried to remarry: she would have to seek the permission of her son (Betsy, 2010). The Saudi government has defended itself by saying that there is no law of male guardianship and maintains that agreements are applied in the courts and other legal channels. The male guardianship system is very closely related to sharaf, a system which involves the protection of females in the family by a male individual. The male provides for them, and in sequence, the womens honor is reflected on him. Since the honor of the male guardian is affected by that of the women in his family, he is expected to control their behavior. If a man loses his honor because of a woman under his care, he is permitted to cleanse his honor by punishing her, which can be death in extreme cases. In 2007, a young Saudi lady was killed by her father for chatting with a man on Facebook. Conservatives called for the government ban on Facebook, because it causes social causes social strife by encouraging inter-gender mingling and inciting lust (Frthjof, 2007). In many Islamic states, women are required cover parts of that are arwah i.e. not meant to be exposed, which is mainly the face. However, in Saudi Arabia, the whole of the womans body is considered arwah, with exception of the hands and eyes. Women are therefore required to wear the niqab, or veil, a hijab; whish is s head covering, as well as an abaya, which is a full black cloak. In this country, womens clothing must not reveal anything about her body and is therefore required to be loose, thick and opaque. It is generally required to be unadorned and of a dull color and should not raise interest to the male (Saleh, 2009). Saudi women are however not bothered by the dress code and place it low on the list of priorities for reform. Majority of the women wear the veil with pride, and say it reduces destructions from their male counterparts. Sex aggregation is anticipated in public, especially between non-mahram women and men. Most official and educational institutions have separate entrances and exits for both men and women. According to law, there should be clear visual and physical separate sections for both sexes at all meetings and gatherings, including weddings and funerals. Public places such as amusement parks and beaches are also segregated, sometimes by time, so that men and women visit at different hours. Many Saudi homes have different entrances for men and women, with private space being associated with women and public space such as living rooms being reserved for men. Since eating requires the removal of the veil for women, most Saudi restaurants are segregated to different sections and they also bar entrance to women who come without their mahrams or husbands (Murphy, Saudi Arabia: Dining by Gender, 2010). Even Western companies for instance Starbucks and McDonalds enforce Saudi religious regulations and maintain sex-segregated zones in their restaurants. This has often led to these companies being criticized by Western activists as the facilities in the womens zones are usually lower in quality. The segregation rules sometimes apply to banks and even hospitals. However, the number of mixed-gender workplaces has been on the rise since the crowning of King Abdullah, though they are still strange. Some clerics issued fatwa, a religious opinion issued by an Islamic scholar concerning an Islamic law, which encouraged women to provide breast milk to any man with whom she comes into frequent contact with. The milk should not come directly from the womans breast, and reduces the difficulties of strict sex segregation by allowing him to become a relative of the family. In Islam, this breast milk kinship is considered to be as good as blood relationship and therefore allow the males to come onto contact with the without having to break Islams rules about mixing. Another scholar disagreed, saying that the milk should come straight from the wombs breast, an issue which was ridiculed by reformists who argue that this could end up being more erotic, and definitely not maternal. Womens economic rights in Saudi Arabia are also severely infringed. In order for a woman to buy or sell a piece of property, she is obligated to bring two men as witnesses to identify her identity. In addition, she is required to bring four other male witnesses to testify that the first two are valid witnesses and that they actually know her. This makes it hard for women to attain their legal rights, and therefore, they often end up finding other solutions such as paying bribes. Since childhood, Saudi girls are taught that their key role is to take good care of the household and raise the children, though Sharia allows women to work, as long as she does not neglect her essential homemaking duties. Government offices strictly advocate for the minimization of interaction between women and non-mahram men. They are allowed too work as long as their male guardians or husbands approve. A womans work must be deemed suitable for her physique and mentality and for this reason, they cannot be appointed as judges or to positions of high public office. The Saudi labor ministry has been inconsistent in its support for reforms promoting womens right to work. In 2006, the then minister of labor, Dr.Ghazi Al-Qusaibi was quoted as saying that the labor Ministry was not acting to promote womens employment because the best place for a woman to serve is in her own home (Al-Awsat, 2006). In recent years, mixed gender workplaces have become more common, especially in industries that must serve women such as medicine and banking. In this country, 71% to 78% of females are literate, compared with males who have 85% literacy rates. The number of women who receive secondary and tertiary education is higher than that of men with over 50% of working women having a college education (Forum, 2009). The freedom of movement for Saudi women is strongly limited as they are not supposed to leave their houses or neighborhoods without the consent of their male guardian or in the company of a mahram. Women are not allowed to drive and are forbidden from using public transport. When allowed, they are required to use a separate entrance and sit in sections reserved for women. However, the bus companies with the widest coverage of Saudis capital, Riyadh, do not allow women at all. In Saudi Arabia, women are not allowed to run for public offices, but they are permitted to hold positions on boards of chambers of trade. There is one woman in a cabinet position, as assistant minister for womens education. In court cases, the testimony of one man is considered to be equivalent to that of two women. In April 2010, women were issued with new ID cards with fingerprints and GPS tracking features. Women are registered in their father or husbands identification card and conservatives argue that cards which show the unveiled face of a woman violate Saudis customs. Though the government banned the practice of forced marriages, females are not allowed to make their own decisions on this issue. Just like in any other domain, states should not be pushed into creating local or universal structures that bypass their levels of control. As in the case of Saudi Arabia, most of the groups in society whose rights are violated do not have equal access to the law. This demonstrates how both theories create a double standard, with men readily accepting western norms and women bearing the brunt of cultural authenticity. However, with realistic strategies, cultural sensitivities in countries like Saudi Arabia can be reconciled with universal goals.

The Illiad In Dantes Inferno :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Iliad in Dante’s Inferno   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dante makes many references to Homer and the Iliad throughout the Inferno. The fates of favorite characters are described during the course of Dante’s travels. Beginning with his vision of Homer in Limbo, continuing through increasingly gory levels of Hell until Dante reaches the eighth bolgia where he meets Ulysses who is engulfed in fire. Dante’s infatuation with the Iliad is clearly illustrated in his Divine Comedy.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dante introduces Homer early in the Inferno. After the writer passes the gates of Hell and safely crosses the Acheron he is in the most comfortable section of Hell. Homer, along with other virtuous pagans(those who were not enlightened by Christ’s appearance on earth) and unbaptised children are there. Homer is spending eternity with philosophers, poets, and writers. The first circle has light and a sense of comfort, two things it doesn’t share with any other level of Hell. The only torture Homer has to endure is the lack of hope for salvation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Dante’s next stop (after his confrontation with Minos) is the second circle where the carnal are relegated. In this circle he meets three main players in Homer’s Iliad, Paris, Achilles, and Helen. All of the inhabitants of this circle are swept up like leaves in a storm, denied the light and reason of God they are eternally dammed to ride the hurricane like winds around the second circle.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Much later in his journey Dante meets the man who conceived the Trojan Horse. Ulysses is in the eighth bolgia among his fellow evil counselors. He is is entrapped in a tongue of flame with his partner in crime, Diomede. The flame comes from one source but is spilt in two, the split symbolizes the falling-out that must come in a partnership based in evil. Ulysses is placed in this circle for many reasons. During the Trojan war he gave birth to the deadly idea that the Achains build infamous Trojan Horse. He also caused the death of Deidamia, Achilles lover when he talked Achilles into leaving her to go to Troy.